Anyone considering a career in the fire service is bound to have a lot of questions about how to become a firefighter. Understand that becoming a firefighter is no easy task, but knowing the answers to some basic questions will get you started on the path to a great career. (Complete the form on this page to download an infographic on how to become a firefighter.)
How old do you have to be to become a firefighter?
You must be 18 years old to work for a career/paid fire department. If you are younger than 18, you can look into limited involvement as a junior firefighter.
Is there a maximum age to become a firefighter?
Many career/paid departments have a maximum age, usually between 28 and 35 years old, to join a fire department.
Do I need a valid driver’s license or other form of ID to become a firefighter?
Yes, you will need a valid driver’s license to become a firefighter.
What are the education requirements to become a firefighter?
At a minimum, you’ll need to obtain a high school diploma or GED. Many firefighters earn a degree in fire science to advance their career.
How long does it take to become a firefighter?
There are a variety of factors that impact how long it takes to become a firefighter. Requirements vary by state and department. Becoming a career/paid firefighter will take at least a year of training followed by a probationary period. Most departments require extensive training, and many require EMT certification, meaning it could take between 3 to 7 years to become a full-time firefighter. On the volunteer side, where there are fewer mandatory requirements, it could take a few weeks to join a department.
Are there certification requirements to become a firefighter?
It is smart to become an EMT, even if not required. Having both a fire and EMS background will improve your odds of being hired. Some departments might even require an EMT certification; larger departments may require a paramedic’s license. [Read next: Do you need a degree to be a firefighter or fire officer?]
Am I required to be in good physical condition before I apply?
Becoming a firefighter requires passing a physical ability test. The CPAT events are stair climb, hose drag, equipment carry, ladder raise and extension, forcible entry, search, rescue, ceiling breach and pull. Prepare yourself for the physical nature of the job as well as the demands of the test.
Do fire departments hire individuals with a criminal record?
At one point in your life, you’ve probably done something you’re not proud of. How you’ve acted to rectify your mistakes will be important when applying to become a firefighter. Mike Pertz, who founded a website aimed at helping others become firefighters, tackled this topic in his article “Do fire departments hire those with a criminal record?”
If you are asked about your past record during an interview, do not lie. Instead, take ownership for your mistakes. Explain to the hiring panel how you’ve changed and what you’ve done to change. Also, be upfront about your driving record – include dates, locations and outcomes of tickets and accidents.
Can fire departments review my social media in the hiring process?
Yes. If you use Facebook or other social media platforms, be mindful of what you post, repost, comment on and like. Expect all potential employers to scan your social media presence. If there are embarrassing, immature, risqué or otherwise inappropriate posts on your pages, remove them. Ask your friends to remove any such posts involving you from their pages. In some cases, it might make sense to close your accounts. Read more about this legal issue from the perspective of the fire department in Curt Varone’s article “Should you conduct social media screenings when hiring firefighters?”
Can a fire department check my credit score in the hiring process?
This is often overlooked, but the required background check covers credit score. Bad credit will hurt you. Be disciplined about improving your score if necessary. You can check your credit report for free once per year at AnnualCreditReport.com.
How can I show my commitment to the community as part of the fire department hiring process?
Working in public safety is all about community service. Volunteering your time for a great cause is one way to prove you’re ready to serve your community. And it doesn’t matter if it’s fire-related or non-fire-related. There’s a lot of great opportunities out there for you to make a difference. The American Red Cross or Habitat for Humanity are two excellent options.
What is the written exam like to become a firefighter?
The written exam consists of multiple-choice questions and is divided into categories. Check out these test-taking basics to give yourself the best chance at passing with flying colors. Pro tip: Study, study, study — then study some more.
Is there a psychological evaluation in applying to the fire department.
Yes, some departments have a psychological evaluation in their hiring process. This evaluation will look at your mental and emotional stability to withstand the stresses associated with firefighting. Learn more about the crucial role of the pre-employment psychological exam for firefighters here.
Do I need to graduate from a fire academy before being hired as a firefighter?
Getting your state entry-level firefighter certifications, such as Firefighter I and II, is a great move. You’ll still need to attend a department’s academy once hired, but this gives you a leg up and helps you learn the book and practical skills of the job. Joining a volunteer fire department is one way to get into an academy.
What types of questions are asked in a fire department interview?
Why do you want to be a firefighter? Cliché, we know. But you better prepare for this question. Here are four additional questions you’ll be sure to get in a firefighter interview – how you answer will influence a panel’s hiring decision. This is your time to shine and stand out.
How can I become a volunteer firefighter?
Requirements to become a volunteer firefighter vary from department to department. Many departments require meeting the following criteria: 18 years of age, valid driver’s license, basic fire and EMT training, live near the district, and ability to respond to a certain percentage of calls.
Stay up to date on firefighter employment and hiring information with these videos and additional resources, including the 11 requirements to become a firefighter:
Once you’re on the job, check out these “Rookie Rules” for success:
This article, original published March 24, 2017, has been updated to include additional resources and information.
